01Economic role
How much should government provide directly, and how much inequality should it try to reduce?
One endGovernment provides more and redistributes more
Other endMarkets and private responsibility do more
Why keep it separate? A person can want strong public services while still preferring private ownership of companies. That is why this is separate from Ownership.
02Ownership
Who should own and control major businesses?
One endWorkers or the public share more ownership
Other endPrivate shareholders retain more control
Why keep it separate? Ownership asks who controls productive assets. It is different from how large the welfare state should be.
03Social values
When personal autonomy and inherited norms conflict, which should carry more weight?
One endPeople decide more for themselves
Other endTraditions and inherited norms carry more weight
Why keep it separate? This keeps cultural and moral questions from being treated as if they were automatically economic positions.
04Authority
When liberty and public order pull in different directions, which should carry more weight?
One endMore liberty and legal safeguards
Other endMore preventive power to maintain order
Why keep it separate? Views about policing, emergency powers and safeguards can differ sharply from someone’s economic views.
05Pluralism
How constrained should elected majorities be by courts, opposition, media and constitutional rules?
One endCourts, media and opposition can constrain government
Other endElected majorities get more room to act
Why keep it separate? This captures attitudes toward concentrated political power rather than left or right policy content.
06World
How much national discretion should countries trade for binding international cooperation?
One endMore binding international cooperation
Other endMore final national control
Why keep it separate? People can agree on domestic policy but differ strongly on who should make cross-border decisions.
07Nationhood
What should matter most for full national belonging?
One endCitizenship and equal civic belonging
Other endAncestry, culture or inherited ties matter more
Why keep it separate? Belonging and citizenship are treated separately from immigration policy, economics or social values.
08Ecology
When ecological limits and economic growth conflict, which should take priority?
One endAccept more economic change to respect ecological limits
Other endProtect growth and adapt more gradually
Why keep it separate? Environmental trade-offs deserve their own axis rather than being assumed from a person’s economic position.